Exposition Text

Teks Eksposisi adalah sebuah teks yang menghadirkan/menampilkan satu sisi dari suatu bahasan atau berita.

Exposition texts dapat berupa :

1. Advertisements

2. Spoken arguments

3. Editorials

Jenis teks eksposisi :

1. Analytical Exposition (eksposisi Analitia)

a. Tujuan Komunikatif Teks (Communicative Purpose)
Memaparkan dan mempengaruhi audience (pendengar/pembaca) bahwa ada masalah yang tentunya perlu mendapat perhatian.

b. Struktur Teks (Text Structure)

Ø Pernyataan pendapat/ Thesis statement (tujuan: memperkenalkan topik)

Ø Argumen terdiri dari point yang dikemukakan dan elaborasi

Ø Penguatan pernyataan/conclusion

c. Ciri kebahasaan menggunakan:

Ø General nouns, misal car, pollution, leaded petrol car, dsb.

Ø Abstrac nouns, misalnya policy, government , dsb.

Ø Relating verbs, misalnya It is important, dsb.

Ø Action verbs misalnya, She must save, dsb.

Ø Thinking verbs, misalnya Many people believe, dsb.

Ø Modal verbs, misalnya We must preserve, dsb.

Ø Modal adverbs, misalnya certainly, dsb.

Ø Connectives, misalnya firstly, secondly, dsb.

Ø Bahas evaluatif, misalnya important, valuable, dsb.

Ø Kalimat pasif (passive voice)

d. Contoh Teks Analytical Exposition

Pernyataan pendapat/ Thesis statement

Air pollution is one of the harmful substances that cause damage to the environment, human health, and quality of life. It makes people sick like having breathing problems and cancer.

Argumentasi

Pollutants also come from other sources. For instance, decomposing garbage in landfills and solid waste disposal sites emits methane gas and many product give off VOCs

Penguatan pernyataan/conclusion

Unlike pollutants from human activity however, natural pollutant tend to remain in the atmosphere for a short time and do not lead to permanent atmosphere change.

2. Hortatory Exposition (eksposisi hortatory)
a.  Tujuan Komunikatif Teks (Communicative Purpose)

Memaparkan dan mempengaruhi audience (pendengar/pembaca) bahwa seharusnya demikian atau tidak demikian.

b.  Struktur Teks (Text Structure)
Pernyataan isu yang dipersoalkan

Ø Argumen        : berupa alasan mengapa ada keprihatinan, dan mengarah ke rekomendasi.

Ø Recomendasi : pernyataan tentang bagaimana seharusnya atau tidak seharusnya.

c. Ciri kebahasaan menggunakan:

Ø Abstrac nouns,misalnya policy,government dsb.

Ø Technical verbs, misalnya species of animals,dsb.

Ø Relating verbs, misalnya should be, doesn’t seem to have been, dsb.

Ø Action verbs, misalnya, we must save, dsb.

Ø Thinking verbs, misalnya I believe , dsb.

Ø Modal verbs, misalnya We must preserve, dsb.

Ø Modal adverbs, misalnya certainly,we, dsb.

Ø Connectives, misalnya firstly, secondly, dsb.

Ø Simple present tense

Ø Bahas evaluatif, misalnya important, valuable, dsb.

Ø Kalimat pasif (passive voice)

Contoh Teks Hortatory Exposition (eksposisi hortatory)

Pernyataan isue yang dipersoalkan

In all discussion over the removal of lead from petrol (and the atmosphere), there does not seem to have been any mention of the difference between driving in the city and in the country.

Argumentasi

While I realize my leaded petrol car is polluting the air wherever I drive, I feel that when you travel through the country, where you only see another car every five to ten minutes, the problem is not as severe as when traffic is concentrated on city roads.
Those who want to penalize older, leaded petrol vehicles and their owners do not seem to appreciate that in the country there is no public transport to fall back upon and one’s own vehicle is the only way to get about.

Rekomendasi

     I feel that country people, who often have to travel huge distances to the nearest town and who already spend a great deal of money on petrol, should be treated differently to the people who live in the city.